In 2-dimensions (2D), a geologic formation or unit is represented by a polygon, which can be bounded by faults, unconformities or by its lateral extent, or crop. Geologic modelling is a relatively recent subdiscipline of geology which integrates structural geology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, paleoclimatology, and diagenesis Using geological models and reservoir simulation allows reservoir engineers to identify which recovery options offer the safest and most economic, efficient, and effective development plan for a particular reservoir. A reservoir can only be developed and produced once therefore, making a mistake by selecting a site with poor conditions for development is tragic and wasteful. For example, in the oil and gas industry, realistic geologic models are required as input to reservoir simulator programs, which predict the behavior of the rocks under various hydrocarbon recovery scenarios. Geomodelling is commonly used for managing natural resources, identifying natural hazards, and quantifying geological processes, with main applications to oil and gas fields, groundwater aquifers and ore deposits.
Which is a multidisciplinary, interoperable and updatable knowledge base about the subsurface. Geomodelling is related to the concept of Shared Earth Model A geomodel is the numerical equivalent of a three-dimensional geological map complemented by a description of physical quantities in the domain of interest. Geologic modelling, geological modelling or geomodelling is the applied science of creating computerized representations of portions of the Earth's crust based on geophysical and geological observations made on and below the Earth surface.
Because gas floats above oil, the thin red contour line marks the gas/oil contact zone. The thin red circular contour line in the middle of the map indicates the top of the oil reservoir. This fault line is between the blue/green contour lines and the purple/red/yellow contour lines. The left-to-right gap, near the top of the contour map indicates a Fault line. Geological mapping software displaying a screenshot of a structure map generated for an 8500ft deep gas & Oil reservoir in the Earth field, Vermilion Parish, Erath, Louisiana.
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